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Address
mask (Subnet Mask)
This is used to recognize the sections of an IP address that concur
with the different parts. Also known as the "subnet mask".
Alias
A nickname that refers to a network resource.
Anonymous FTP
This is a method of bypassing security checks when you logon to
an FTP site. This is done by typing "anonymous" as your
user ID and your e-mail address as the password.
Application
A program that performs a task for a certain purpose.
Archie
A method of automatically collecting, indexing, and retrieving
files from the Internet.
ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)
A transfer mode that designates bandwidth using a fixed-size packet
or cell. Also called a "fast packet".
Authentication
A method of identifying the user to make sure the user is who
he says he is.
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Bandwidth
A measurement in Hz that reads the difference between the highest
and lowest frequencies of a transmission.
BBS (Bulletin Board System)
A computer which provides file archives, email, and announcements
of interest. Users usually dial in with a terminal program to
access these.
Bounce
This term refers to when you send an e-mail to a non-existent
recipient and the e-mail is "bounced" back to you.
BTW
By the way.
Bulletin Board System (BBS)
A computer which provides file archives, email, and announcements
of interest. Users usually dial in with a terminal program to
access these.
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CHAP
(Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol)
A method of authentication when connecting to an Internet service
provider.
CHAT
Conversational Hypertext Access Technology.
CIX
Commercial Internet Exchange.
Client
An application that performs for a certain purpose.
Cracker
Persons who attempt to gain illegal access to computers. Not to
be confused with hackers.
Cyberspace
According to William Gibson, "the world of computers and
the society that gathers around them."
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Data
Encryption Key (DEK)
Used for encryption and decryption of message text.
Data Encryption Standard (DES)
Standardized encryption method used most on the Internet.
Datagram
A block of data that can travel from one Internet site to another
without relying on an earlier exchange between the source and
destination computers.
DDN (Defense Data Network)
The United States Department of Defense global communications
network.
DECnet
A proprietary network protocol designed by Digital Equipment Corporation.
Dedicated line
A communications line used solely for computer connections, such
as T1 and T3 lines. An additional phone line solely for your modem
is a dedicated line as well.
Defense Data Network (DDN)
The United States Department of Defense global communications
network.
Dial-up networking
Most widely used way of accessing the Internet. This involves
one computer connecting to another by way of a modem.
DNS (Domain Name Service)
A name service used with TCP/IP hosts. A DNS exists on numerous
servers over the Internet. It is a database for finding host names
and IP addresses on the Internet and trying to figure them out.
Domain
An area on host or an IP address. e.g. http://www.burridgeitservices.com
Domain Name Service (DNS)
A name service used with TCP/IP hosts. A DNS exists on numerous
servers over the Internet. It is a database for finding host names
and IP addresses on the Internet and trying to figure them out.
Dot address
IP addresses in the form of 1.1.1.1 in a 4-byte IP address where
each number is equal to 1 byte.
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Electronic
mail (e-mail)
Electronic mail, or e-mail, is a way users with a computer can
send messages between each other easily and more quickly than
regular mail.
E-mail address
A person's email address is usually like this:
Userid@domain.com
Userid represents the identification of the person, the @ is what
separates the userid from the domain name, and the domain name
refers to the host that the person is using.
Encryption
This is what Internet security is built upon. Encryption will
scramble information so it is readable only by the intended recipient.
Ethernet
An Ethernet connection is a LAN (Local Area Network) that consists
of computers connected by twisted-pair or coaxial cable.
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FAQ
Stands for Frequently Asked Questions. FAQ's are available almost
anywhere on the Internet. FAQ's are usually used as a place to
look for help or advice when working on the Internet or on your
computer.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
FTP's are the most widely used format to uploading and downloading
files on an Internet connection. FTP's are used so computers can
share files between each other.
Finger
A finger is a UNIX command that displays information about a group
or user on the Internet.
Flame
This is a negative response to a newsgroup posting or e-mail message.
If makes a newsgroup post or sends an e-mail message that is deemed
inappropriate, they might get flamed. The most popular method
of flaming is a mail bomb. This is where the sender or poster
receives an overwhelming amount of messages in his or her mailbox
and their system can crash.
Follow-up
A response to a newsgroup posting or e-mail message.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
FTP's are the most widely used format to uploading and downloading
files on an Internet connection. FTP's are used so computers can
share files between each other.
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Gopher
A search and retrieval tool for information used mostly for research.
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Hacker
A user of a computer who attempts to understand the particulars
of a computer. A hacker will look for ways around things while
using a computer.
Host
Any computer that is connected to the Internet or a network.
Host address
The address of the host computer which is on the Internet.
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. This is the standard
method of publishing web documents onto the World Wide Web (WWW).
HTML consists of tags surrounded by brackets.
Hypermedia
A combination of hypertext and multimedia in a document online.
Hypertext
A kind of text that permits embedded links to other documents.
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. This is the standard
method of publishing web documents onto the World Wide Web (WWW).
HTML consists of tags surrounded by brackets.
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Integrated
Services Digital Network (ISDN)
Combines digital network services and voice into one. Users can
access digital services at 115,200 bps.
Internet
A vast, uncontrolled network of computers that is available almost
anywhere in the world. Basically, when you sign on to the Internet,
you become a part of it.
Internet protocol (IP)
A packet switching protocol that is used as a network layer in
the TCP/IP protocol suite.
Internet Protocol Address (IP Address)
Each computer is assigned an IP address. These are similar to
phone numbers. When you attempt to connect to an IP address, you
will connect to the computer with that IP address.
Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
Internet Relay Chat (or IRC)
allows users to chat on different channels over the Internet.
IRC channels are preceded by a # sign and are controlled by channel
operators. Channel operators can kick people out of the channel
if he or she feels necessary.
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
An organization or company that has a network with a direct link
to the Internet. This is done by using a dedicated line connection,
usually through a link known as a T1 connection. Users can dial
into to that network using their modem.
IP (Internet Protocol)
A packet switching protocol that is used as a network layer in
the TCP/IP protocol suite.
IP
Address (Internet Protocol Address)
Each computer is assigned an IP address. These are similar to
phone numbers. When you attempt to connect to an IP address, you
will connect to the computer with that IP address.
IRC (Internet Relay Chat)
Internet Relay Chat, or IRC, allows users to chat on different
channels over the Internet. IRC channels are preceded by a # sign
and are controlled by channel operators. Channel operators can
kick people out of the channel if he or she feels necessary.
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) combines digital network
services and voice into one. Users can access digital services
at 115,200 bps.
ISP (Internet Service Provider)
An organization or company that has a network with a direct link
to the Internet. This is done by using a dedicated line connection,
usually through a link known as a T1 connection. Users can dial
into to that network using their modem.
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LAN
Local Area Network. A LAN allows users to share files between
computers, send e-mail and access the Internet. Most companies
use Local Area Networks so that users can access information within
or outside the LAN.
Leased
line
A leased line is a dedicated line that connects a user or network
to another network or an ISP.
Listserv
An automated mailing list distribution system.
Lurking
Lurking involves simply listening or watching and not participating
on an IRC channel, a mailing list, or some other type of Internet
connection.
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Mail
reflector
A mail reflector is a program that distributes information or
files to a subscriber of a mailing list, Usenet group, or an IRC
channel.
Mailing list
A mailing list is a list of e-mail addresses used to have messages
forwarded to groups of people.
MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, or MIME, is the standard
way to organize different file formats. For example, if you receive
an e-mail, which is in a different format than yours, the file
will be decoded so you can read it using MIME.
Mirror site
A mirror site is usually set up due to overwhelming traffic on
an existing web site. A mirror site is a site that is kept separate
from the original site but contains the same information as that
site. This is an alternative to users who attempt to go to a web
site but cannot due to traffic problems.
Moderator
A person who manages online discussion groups or mailing lists
for services such as CompuServe, America Online, Prodigy or the
Microsoft Network.
Mosaic
A graphical browser that supports hypermedia on the World Wide
Web (WWW).
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME)
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, or MIME, is the standard
way to organize different file formats. For example, if you receive
an e-mail, which is in a different format than yours, the file
will be decoded so you can read it using MIME.
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Netiquette
Internet etiquette. This refers to proper behavior while using
the Internet.
Network File System (NFS)
A Network File System allows a computer to access and use files
over a network, just as if it were a local network.
Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)
A standard industry protocol for the inquiry, distribution, retrieval,
and posting of news articles.
NFS (Network File System)
A Network File System allows a computer to access and use files
over a network, just as if it were a local network.
NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol)
A standard industry protocol for the inquiry, distribution, retrieval,
and posting of news articles.
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